TOPIK I · LEVEL 1
-(으)ㅂ시다
-(으)ㅂ시다 suggests doing something together: 'let's …' in a formal, polite style.
문장 끝·말투Endings & speech styleHan: -(으)ㅂ시다 cannot attach to an adjective like 좋다; suggest an action instead.
Examples
같이 점심을 먹읍시다.Let's have lunch together.
회의를 시작합시다.Let's start the meeting.
여기에서 잠깐 쉽시다.Let's rest here for a moment.
Don’t mix up
-(으)ㅂ시다vs-아/어요Among friends the polite ending works as 'let's' too, and sounds softer: 같이 가요.
How to build it
V(vowel or ㄹ)+ㅂ시다
V(consonant)+읍시다
가다 → 갑시다, 먹다 → 먹읍시다, 만들다 → 만듭시다
- Only with action verbs, never adjectives.
- It sounds a little commanding to a superior; to an elder use -(으)시지요 instead.
- ㄹ-stems drop ㄹ: 놀다 → 놉시다.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 날씨가 좋읍시다.
Right: 날씨가 좋으니까 산책합시다.
-(으)ㅂ시다 cannot attach to an adjective like 좋다; suggest an action instead.
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All TOPIK grammar- -(으)시--(으)시- goes inside a verb or adjective to show respect to the person doing the action (the subject).
- -(으)세요-(으)세요 is the polite honorific ending: it shows respect to the subject in statements and questions (선생님은 책을 읽으세요), and with action verbs it politely tells or asks the listener to do something (앉으세요).
- -(으)ㄹ까요?Use -(으)ㄹ까요? to suggest something ("Shall we…?"), offer help ("Shall I…?"), or ask someone's guess ("Do you think…?").
- -이/가 아니다Negates a noun: 'is not N'. It is the negative of 이다 and conjugates like an adjective: 아니에요, 아닙니다, 아니야.
- -이다이다 is the copula 'to be': attached to a noun, it says what something is (X is Y). It conjugates like an adjective into every speech style.
- -아요/어요-아요/어요 is the everyday polite ending: add it to a verb or adjective stem to speak politely to almost anyone, about the present or habits.
- -이에요/예요-이에요/예요 means 'to be' and links a noun to the subject in polite everyday speech, as in 'X is Y.'
- -ㅂ니까/습니까Asks a question in the formal polite style (하십시오체): interviews, announcements, customer service, presentations, the military.
- -ㅂ니다/습니다-ㅂ니다/습니다 ends a statement in the formal polite style (하십시오체), as in news, speeches, presentations and when talking to strangers or superiors.