TOPIK II · LEVEL 3
-게 하다
-게 하다 means 'make / let someone do something' (or cause a state).
변화·피동·사동Change, passive & causativeHan: Someone making you do it is -게 하다, not -게 되다.
Examples
그 영화는 사람들을 울게 했다.That movie made people cry.
부모님은 저를 밤늦게 못 나가게 하세요.My parents don't let me go out late at night.
선생님이 학생들에게 책을 읽게 했어요.The teacher had the students read the book.
Don’t mix up
-게 하다vs-게 되다-게 하다 = someone causes it; -게 되다 = it happens to you: 가게 했어요 'made (them) go' vs 가게 됐어요 'ended up going'.How to build it
V/A+게 하다
가다 → 가게 하다, 웃다 → 웃게 하다, 슬프다 → 슬프게 하다
- The person made to act takes 을/를, 에게 or 이/가: 동생에게 청소하게 했어요.
- Works with almost any verb, unlike the fixed causative suffixes.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 엄마가 저를 숙제하게 됐어요.
Right: 엄마가 저를 숙제하게 했어요.
Someone making you do it is -게 하다, not -게 되다.
Practise -게 하다 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -게 되다-게 되다 says that someone comes to do something or ends up in a new situation, usually because of circumstances or the passing of time rather than their own plan.
- -아/어지다Attach -아/어지다 to an adjective to say that something becomes that way, changing from its earlier state.
- 피동 -이/히/리/기-The passive suffixes -이-/-히-/-리-/-기- turn some verbs into passives: the subject has the action done to it.
- 사동 -이/히/리/기/우/구/추-The causative suffixes -이-/-히-/-리-/-기-/-우-/-구-/-추- mean 'make or let someone do something / make something happen'.
- -(으)ㅁ-(으)ㅁ turns a verb or adjective into a noun; it is used in notes, notices, memos and written records.
- -(으)며-(으)며 is a formal, written 'and' (listing) or 'while' (two actions at once).
- -(이)야-(이)야 emphasizes a topic as obvious or as the only one meant: 'as for N, of course …'.
- -(으)ㄹ 겸-(으)ㄹ 겸 gives one of two or more purposes for a single action: 'partly to …, and also to …'.
- -(으)ㄹ 걸 그랬다-(으)ㄹ 걸 그랬다 expresses regret: 'I should have done …' (but didn't).
