TOPIK I · LEVEL 2
-기로 하다
-기로 하다 means that someone has decided, or agreed with someone else, to do something.
목적·의도Purpose, plans & wishesHan: The past marker -았/었- cannot go before -기로; the tense of the decision is shown only on 하다 (했어요).
Examples
다음 달에 가족들과 제주도로 여행을 가기로 했어요.My family and I decided to take a trip to Jeju Island next month.
건강을 위해서 밤에는 라면을 먹지 않기로 했어요.For my health, I decided not to eat ramyeon at night.
주말에 친구하고 영화를 보기로 했어요.My friend and I agreed to see a movie on the weekend.
올해부터 담배를 끊기로 했어요.I decided to quit smoking starting this year.
Don’t mix up
-기로 하다vs-(으)려고 하다-(으)려고 하다 shows an intention you have in mind; -기로 하다 shows the decision is already made or agreed: 주말에 쉬려고 해요 (I intend to rest) vs 주말에 쉬기로 했어요 (I decided to rest).-기로 하다vs-게 되다-게 되다 means circumstances or others brought it about, not your own choice: 회사 일 때문에 부산에 가게 됐어요 (it turned out I have to go) vs 부산에 가기로 했어요 (I chose to go).How to build it
V+기로 하다
가다 → 가기로 했어요
- Tense goes on 하다, not on the verb before -기로: say 가기로 했어요, not 갔기로 했어요.
- It is usually used in the past form (-기로 했어요) to report a decision already made; -기로 해요 or -기로 하자 is used to suggest deciding something together.
- To decide NOT to do something, use -지 않기로 하다 (or 안 + V-기로 하다).
- With a partner (친구하고, 친구와) it expresses a plan agreed on together, not just a personal decision.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 내일 친구하고 만났기로 했어요.
Right: 내일 친구하고 만나기로 했어요.
The past marker -았/었- cannot go before -기로; the tense of the decision is shown only on 하다 (했어요).
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All TOPIK grammar- -(으)러 가다/오다-(으)러 가다/오다 says you go or come somewhere to do something.
- -(으)ㄹ까 보다Expresses a vague intention the speaker is considering: 'I think I might…, I'm thinking of…'. Spoken, about the speaker's own plans.
- -(으)려고 하다-(으)려고 하다 says what someone intends or plans to do; with things or nature, it can also mean that something is about to happen.
- -고 싶어 하다-고 싶어 하다 says what someone else wants to do (third person).
- -기 위해(서)-기 위해(서) means 'in order to': the first clause is the purpose of the second.
- -을/를 위해(서)N을/를 위해(서) means 'for the sake of N / for N'.
- -(으)면-(으)면 attaches to a verb or adjective to set a condition: "if X happens or is true, then Y," and it can also mean "whenever X" for things that regularly happen.
- -(으)ㄴ 지Shows how much time has passed since an action happened.
- -(으)ㄹ 것Ends a written instruction or rule with a noun-like command: 'do X; X is to be done'. Impersonal and firm; used in notices, exam instructions, memos and rule lists.
