TOPIK II · LEVEL 4
-(으)ㄹ 리가 없다
Use -(으)ㄹ 리가 없다 when you are convinced that something cannot possibly be true or happen, based on what you know.
추측·판단Guessing & judgingHan: For a past event the pattern takes -았/었을 리가 없다; the past modifier -(으)ㄴ cannot be used before 리.
Examples
그 사람이 그런 거짓말을 할 리가 있어요?How could he possibly tell a lie like that?
민수 씨가 약속을 잊어버렸을 리가 없어요. 항상 시간을 잘 지키거든요.There's no way Minsu forgot the appointment. He's always punctual.
방금 출발했으니까 벌써 도착했을 리가 없어요.They just left, so there's no way they've arrived already.
이렇게 싼 가방이 진짜일 리가 없어요.A bag this cheap can't be genuine.
Don’t mix up
-(으)ㄹ 리가 없다vs-(으)ㄹ 수 없다-(으)ㄹ 수 없다 means someone is unable to do something; -(으)ㄹ 리가 없다 means the speaker believes it is impossible: 시간이 없어서 갈 수 없어요 vs 그 사람이 거기에 갈 리가 없어요.
-(으)ㄹ 리가 없다vs-지 않을 거예요-지 않을 거예요 is an ordinary negative guess; -(으)ㄹ 리가 없다 shows much stronger certainty: 내일은 비가 오지 않을 거예요 vs 이렇게 맑은데 비가 올 리가 없어요.
How to build it
V/A+(으)ㄹ 리가 없다
V/A+았/었을 리가 없다 (past)
N+일 리가 없다
가다 → 갈 리가 없다, 먹다 → 먹을 리가 없다, 가다 (past) → 갔을 리가 없다, 진짜 → 진짜일 리가 없다
- It expresses the speaker's judgment that something is impossible, not a lack of ability or permission; for 'cannot do' use -(으)ㄹ 수 없다.
- For past events, use -았/었을 리가 없다 (갔을 리가 없다), not the past modifier -(으)ㄴ (간 리가 없다 is wrong).
- The rhetorical question -(으)ㄹ 리가 있어요? has the same meaning ('How could that be?'); in speech 가 is often dropped: -(으)ㄹ 리 없다.
- It states a judgment, so it is not used in commands or suggestions.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 민수 씨가 벌써 집에 간 리가 없어요.
Right: 민수 씨가 벌써 집에 갔을 리가 없어요.
For a past event the pattern takes -았/었을 리가 없다; the past modifier -(으)ㄴ cannot be used before 리.
Practise -(으)ㄹ 리가 없다 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -(으)ㄹ 법하다-(으)ㄹ 법하다 says that something is quite plausible or would be natural to expect, given the situation or common sense.
- -(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 게 틀림없다-(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 게 틀림없다 expresses a confident guess: 'there's no doubt that / it must be …'.
- -(으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 듯(하다)A written-style way to guess, 'it seems / it looks like', the bookish counterpart of -(으)ㄴ/는 것 같다; used as -듯(하다) at the end, or as -(으)ㄴ/는 듯 to link a description to the next clause.
- -(으)ㄹ까 봐-(으)ㄹ까 봐 means 'worried that something bad might happen', and that worry is the reason for what you do or feel.
- -(으)ㅁ직하다It says that something is worth doing or quite likely to happen, as in food that looks good to eat (먹음직하다) or an event that could plausibly happen (있음직하다).
- -기 일쑤다-기 일쑤다 says that something undesirable happens again and again, almost as a bad habit.
- -기 마련이다-기 마련이다 says that something naturally happens as a general rule of life, so it is no surprise.
- -는가 보다The verb form of the evidence-based guess 'it seems that…': V + 는가 보다 (가는가 보다). Same meaning as -나 보다, slightly more careful and frequent in writing and narration.
- -(으)나-(으)나 is a formal written 'but / however', linking two contrasting clauses.
