TOPIK II · LEVEL 5
-(느)ㄴ다기에
Shows that something you heard from someone else is the reason for what you then did: "since they said ~, I ~".
이유·원인Reason & causeHan: A -다기에 clause usually cannot be followed by a command; it explains an action you already took. To give advice based on what you heard, use -다니까 (비가 온다니까 우산을 챙기세요).
Examples
친구가 그 식당이 맛있다기에 주말에 가 봤어요.My friend said that restaurant was good, so I tried it on the weekend.
오늘이 민수 씨 생일이라기에 작은 선물을 준비했어요.I heard today is Minsu's birthday, so I got a small present ready.
오후에 비가 온다기에 우산을 챙겨 나왔어요.I heard it would rain in the afternoon, so I brought an umbrella.
동생이 밤새 시험공부를 한다기에 야식을 사다 줬어요.My younger brother said he'd study all night for an exam, so I bought him a late-night snack.
Don’t mix up
-(느)ㄴ다기에vs-(느)ㄴ다길래Same meaning, but more conversational; choose 다길래 in casual speech: 비가 온다길래 우산 가져왔어.
-(느)ㄴ다기에vs-기에Plain -기에 gives a reason you observed yourself, not one you heard: 비가 오기에 우산을 가져왔어요 (I saw it raining).
-(느)ㄴ다기에vs-(느)ㄴ다니까-다니까 also gives heard information as a reason, but it can be followed by advice or commands: 비가 온다니까 우산을 챙기세요.
How to build it
V+는다기에
ㄴ다기에, A+다기에, N+(이)라기에 (past: V/A + 았/었다기에)
먹다 → 먹는다기에, 오다 → 온다기에, 바쁘다 → 바쁘다기에, 생일이다 → 생일이라기에
- The main clause usually cannot be a command or suggestion (-(으)세요, -(으)ㅂ시다, -자); it normally reports an action already taken, so past tense is typical.
- The reason must be hearsay; if you saw or judged it yourself, use plain -기에 or -아/어서 instead.
- Conjugate the quoted part like indirect speech: adjectives take 다기에 (not 는다기에), nouns take (이)라기에; questions become -냐기에, commands -(으)라기에, suggestions -자기에.
- It sounds somewhat formal or written; in casual speech -(느)ㄴ다길래 is more common.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 비가 온다기에 우산을 챙기세요.
Right: 비가 온다기에 우산을 챙겼어요.
A -다기에 clause usually cannot be followed by a command; it explains an action you already took. To give advice based on what you heard, use -다니까 (비가 온다니까 우산을 챙기세요).
Practise -(느)ㄴ다기에 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -(으)ㄴ/는 나머지-(으)ㄴ 나머지 means that a feeling or action went too far, and this led to a usually unwanted or unexpected result.
- -는 통에-는 통에 blames a noisy, hectic or chaotic situation for causing a bad result.
- -길래Gives what the speaker saw or noticed as the trigger for an action they then took: 'since / when I saw that …, I …'. The conversational form of -기에; in questions it asks what is so special that something happens (뭐길래, 얼마나 …길래).
- -(이)란N(이)란 picks out a concept that you are about to define or explain the essence of: "N is (by its nature)…", "what we call N is…".
- -(으)ㄹ 게 뻔하다Use -(으)ㄹ 게 뻔하다 when the situation makes it plain to you that something, usually something bad, will happen or has happened.
- -(으)ㄴ 끝에Shows that a result was finally reached after a long or difficult process of doing something.
- -(으)ㄹ 망정-(으)ㄹ망정 means 'even if I have to accept this bad situation, I still won't give up something more important,' or 'although X is true, Y still holds.'
- -(으)ㄹ 즈음-(으)ㄹ 즈음 means "around the time when something happens": it marks an approximate time, not an exact moment.
- -(으)ㄹ 테다Declares the speaker's firm will or determination: 'I will … (no matter what)'. In a question to the listener it asks about their intention, often bluntly. Plain style: -(으)ㄹ 테야 in speech, -(으)ㄹ 테다 in self-talk and narration.