TOPIK II · LEVEL 6
-아/어 치우다
Says that an action is done quickly and completely, getting the task or the quantity out of the way: 'polish off, get … done with, do away with'. Informal; with some verbs it suggests rashness or disapproval (팔아 치우다 'sell off').
시제·상Tense & aspectHan: 치우다 needs a deliberate action; forgetting is involuntary, so use -아/어 버리다.
Examples
배가 너무 고파서 라면 두 그릇을 순식간에 먹어 치웠다.I was so hungry that I polished off two bowls of ramen in no time.
그는 물려받은 땅을 몇 년 만에 모두 팔아 치우고 도시로 떠났다.Within a few years he sold off all the land he had inherited and left for the city.
밀린 보고서를 오늘 밤 안에 다 해치우고 주말에는 푹 쉴 생각이다.I plan to get all the overdue reports done tonight and rest properly at the weekend.
Don’t mix up
-아/어 치우다vs-아/어 버리다-아/어 버리다 marks completion with a feeling (relief, regret) and fits involuntary events: 약속을 잊어버렸다. -아/어 치우다 stresses getting rid of a load fast: 남은 피자를 다 먹어 치웠다.-아/어 치우다vs-아/어 내다-아/어 내다 means achieving something despite difficulty: 끝까지 버텨 냈다. -아/어 치우다 is about speed and getting it over with: 일을 금방 끝내 치웠다.How to build it
V+아/어 치우다
하다 → 해치우다 (one word)
먹다 → 먹어 치우다; 팔다 → 팔아 치우다; 갈다 → 갈아 치우다; 마시다 → 마셔 치우다; 끝내다 → 끝내 치우다; 하다 → 해치우다
- Only with deliberate actions that use up or finish something: 먹다, 마시다, 끝내다, 정리하다, 팔다, 갈다 (replace), 버리다. Involuntary events (잊다, 잃다) take -아/어 버리다 instead.
- 하다 + 치우다 is written as one word, 해치우다 (숙제를 해치웠다); other verbs are spaced: 먹어 치우다. 해치우다 can also mean 'finish off (an enemy)'.
- Casual tone: fine in conversation and narrative, but avoid it in formal writing or about actions of people you respect (*할아버지께서 진지를 드셔 치우셨다).
Classic mistake
Wrong: 친구와의 약속을 깜빡 잊어 치웠어요.
Right: 친구와의 약속을 깜빡 잊어버렸어요.
치우다 needs a deliberate action; forgetting is involuntary, so use -아/어 버리다.
Practise -아/어 치우다 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -(으)매-(으)매 is a bookish, literary way to say 'because' or 'as', linking a cause to its natural result in formal writing.
- -(으)나 -(으)나Two paired or opposite verbs/adjectives, each with -(으)나, mean 'whichever of these is the case, the following stays the same', which often amounts to 'regardless' or 'all the time'.
- -(으)락 -(으)락Joins two opposite actions or states to show that they keep switching back and forth.
- -(으)랴 -(으)랴Lists two (or more) tasks a person is juggling at the same time to stress that they are extremely busy or worn out.
- -(이)건 -(이)건N(이)건 N(이)건 lists two or more options and says that whichever one it is, the outcome stays the same.
- -(이)라 (예스러운 서술)An archaic plain (해라체) statement ending attached to 이다 and 아니다: 'X is Y.' It sounds solemn and old, as in classical texts, proverbs, historical-drama narration and poetry; modern Korean uses -(이)다.
- -(으)ㄹ 듯 말 듯-(으)ㄹ 듯 말 듯 describes something hovering on the edge of happening, so it seems to happen and not happen at the same time.
- -(으)ㄹ 리 만무하다A formal, emphatic way to say "there is absolutely no way that ~", based on the speaker's firm reasoning.
- -(으)ㄹ 대로 -아/어서A state has gone as far as it can go, to its very limit, and this extreme state causes what follows.
