TOPIK I · LEVEL 2
-아/어 주다
Attach -아/어 주다 to a verb to show that you do the action for someone else, for their benefit.
경험·시도Trying & experienceHan: The teacher benefits and is higher in status, so the humble form 드리다 is needed; 줄게요 sounds rude here.
Examples
내일 공항까지 태워 줄게요.I'll give you a ride to the airport tomorrow.
어렸을 때 어머니가 매일 밤 책을 읽어 주셨어요.When I was little, my mother read books to me every night.
친구가 이사를 도와줬어요.My friend helped me move.
죄송하지만 사진 좀 찍어 주시겠어요?Excuse me, could you take a picture of us?
Don’t mix up
-아/어 주다vs-아/어 드리다Same meaning, but used when the person who benefits deserves respect: 할머니께 편지를 읽어 드렸어요.-아/어 주다vs-(으)세요-(으)세요 simply tells someone to do something, while -아/어 주세요 asks them to do it for you, so it sounds like a softer request: 여기 앉으세요 vs 문 좀 열어 주세요.How to build it
V+아/어 주다
기다리다 → 기다려 주다 → 기다려 주세요
- If the person who benefits is older or higher in status, use -아/어 드리다 instead of 주다 (도와드릴게요, 읽어 드렸어요).
- If the person doing the favor is an elder, add honorific -시-: 주시다 (어머니가 읽어 주셨어요).
- It is normally written with a space (읽어 주다), but 도와주다 is a single dictionary word and is written together.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 선생님, 제가 가방을 들어 줄게요.
Right: 선생님, 제가 가방을 들어 드릴게요.
The teacher benefits and is higher in status, so the humble form 드리다 is needed; 줄게요 sounds rude here.
Practise -아/어 주다 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -(으)ㄴ 적이 있다/없다Says whether you have ever had a certain experience in the past: "I have (ever) done…" / "I have never done…".
- -아/어 보다-아/어 보다 means 'to try doing something' to see what it is like, and in the past tense (-아/어 봤어요) it says you have had that experience.
- -(으)면-(으)면 attaches to a verb or adjective to set a condition: "if X happens or is true, then Y," and it can also mean "whenever X" for things that regularly happen.
- -(으)ㄴ 지Shows how much time has passed since an action happened.
- -(으)ㄹ 것Ends a written instruction or rule with a noun-like command: 'do X; X is to be done'. Impersonal and firm; used in notices, exam instructions, memos and rule lists.
- -(으)ㄹ 때Attaches to a verb or adjective to say at what time or in what situation something happens: 'when …'.
- -(으)면 안 되다States that an action is not allowed or not acceptable: 'you must not… / it's not okay to…'.
- -(으)ㄹ 수 있다/없다Attach it to a verb to say that someone can or cannot do something, either because of their ability or because the situation allows or prevents it.
- -(으)ㄹ 줄 알다/모르다Use it to say whether someone knows how to do something, meaning a skill or method they have learned.
