TOPIK II · LEVEL 3
-아/어 드리다
The humble form of -아/어 주다: do something for someone older or higher in status, such as parents, teachers or customers. Also the polite way to offer help: 도와드릴까요?
경험·시도Trying & experienceHan: 드리다 is used when you do something for the elder. When asking an elder to help you, you are the beneficiary, so use 주세요 (or 주시겠어요?).
Examples
자세한 내용은 담당자가 다시 연락해 드리겠습니다.The person in charge will contact you again with the details.
가방이 무거워 보이는데 들어 드릴까요?Your bag looks heavy. Shall I carry it for you?
주말에 부모님께 저녁을 만들어 드렸어요.I made dinner for my parents at the weekend.
Don’t mix up
-아/어 드리다vs-아/어 주다주다 is for equals or younger people; 드리다 for elders: 동생한테 책을 읽어 줬어요 vs 할머니께 책을 읽어 드렸어요.-아/어 드리다vs-아/어 주시다주시다 honours an elder who does the favour; 드리다 humbles the doer toward the elder: 선생님이 저를 도와주셨어요 vs 제가 선생님을 도와드렸어요.
How to build it
V+아/어 드리다 (하다 → 해 드리다)
돕다 → 도와드리다; 읽다 → 읽어 드리다; 만들다 → 만들어 드리다; 설명하다 → 설명해 드리다; 들다 → 들어 드리다
- The person who benefits is older or higher; the doer is usually the speaker or someone lower. The beneficiary takes 께 (or 에게): 할머니께 신문을 읽어 드렸어요.
- Very common in service speech to offer or promise help: -아/어 드릴까요?, -아/어 드리겠습니다.
- When an elder does something for you, the form is -아/어 주시다 (선생님이 설명해 주셨어요), and a request to an elder is -아/어 주세요 / 주시겠어요?, not 드리세요.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 선생님, 이것 좀 도와드리세요.
Right: 선생님, 이것 좀 도와주세요.
드리다 is used when you do something for the elder. When asking an elder to help you, you are the beneficiary, so use 주세요 (or 주시겠어요?).
Practise -아/어 드리다 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -(으)ㄴ/는 척하다Shows that someone deliberately acts as if something were true when it is not: 'pretend to / act as if'.
- -(으)ㄴ/는 편이다-(으)ㄴ/는 편이다 softly says that something is 'rather' or 'on the whole' a certain way compared with what is usual or average.
- -아/어 보이다A-아/어 보이다 means 'to look / seem (adjective)' based on appearance.
- -기만 하다-기만 하다 means 'only / just keep doing A' (and nothing else), often with a complaining tone.
- -(으)ㅁ-(으)ㅁ turns a verb or adjective into a noun; it is used in notes, notices, memos and written records.
- -(으)며-(으)며 is a formal, written 'and' (listing) or 'while' (two actions at once).
- -(이)야-(이)야 emphasizes a topic as obvious or as the only one meant: 'as for N, of course …'.
- -(으)ㄹ 겸-(으)ㄹ 겸 gives one of two or more purposes for a single action: 'partly to …, and also to …'.
- -(으)ㄹ 걸 그랬다-(으)ㄹ 걸 그랬다 expresses regret: 'I should have done …' (but didn't).
