TOPIK II · LEVEL 3
-에 의하면
N에 의하면 means 'according to N', a slightly more formal way to cite a source.
격식 표현Formal & written phrasesHan: For a source of information use 에 의하면, not 에 의해서 (agent).
Examples
연구 결과에 의하면 아침 식사가 집중력에 도움이 된다.Research shows that breakfast helps concentration.
경찰에 의하면 사고 원인은 과속이었다고 합니다.According to the police, the cause of the accident was speeding.
보고서에 의하면 올해 관광객이 크게 늘었다고 한다.According to the report, tourist numbers rose sharply this year.
Don’t mix up
-에 의하면vs-에 의해(서)에 의하면 = 'according to' (source); 에 의해 = 'by' (agent/means): 뉴스에 의하면 vs 경찰에 의해 체포되었다.How to build it
N+에 의하면 … -다고 하다
보고서 → 보고서에 의하면 … 증가했다고 한다
- Like 에 따르면, the sentence usually ends in reported speech.
- Typical of news articles and reports.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 뉴스에 의해서 내일 비가 온대요.
Right: 뉴스에 의하면 내일 비가 온대요.
For a source of information use 에 의하면, not 에 의해서 (agent).
Practise -에 의하면 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -에 관해(서)N에 관해(서) means 'concerning / about N', a slightly formal way to name a topic.
- -에 대해(서)N에 대해(서) means 'about / regarding N', the most common way to say what something is about.
- -에 따르면N에 따르면 means 'according to N' when citing a source of information.
- -(으)ㅁ-(으)ㅁ turns a verb or adjective into a noun; it is used in notes, notices, memos and written records.
- -(으)며-(으)며 is a formal, written 'and' (listing) or 'while' (two actions at once).
- -(이)야-(이)야 emphasizes a topic as obvious or as the only one meant: 'as for N, of course …'.
- -(으)ㄹ 겸-(으)ㄹ 겸 gives one of two or more purposes for a single action: 'partly to …, and also to …'.
- -(으)ㄹ 걸 그랬다-(으)ㄹ 걸 그랬다 expresses regret: 'I should have done …' (but didn't).
- -(으)ㄴ 채(로)-(으)ㄴ 채(로) means doing something while a previous state is still kept: 'with … still on / still …ing'.