TOPIK I · LEVEL 1
-고 싶다
Add -고 싶다 to a verb to say what you want to do.
목적·의도Purpose, plans & wishesHan: You cannot directly state another person's inner feelings with -고 싶다; for a third person use -고 싶어하다.
Examples
저는 한국에 가고 싶어요.I want to go to Korea.
점심에 뭐 먹고 싶어요?What do you want to eat for lunch?
어제는 너무 피곤해서 집에서 쉬고 싶었어요.Yesterday I was so tired that I wanted to rest at home.
주말에 친구를 만나고 싶어요.I want to meet my friend on the weekend.
Don’t mix up
-고 싶다vs-고 싶어하다Used for a third person's wish; -고 싶다 is for the speaker. 동생이 고양이를 키우고 싶어해요.
-고 싶다vs-(으)려고 하다Expresses a plan or intention, not just a wish. 내일부터 운동하려고 해요.-고 싶다vs-았/었으면 좋겠다A hope about a situation, which may be out of your control. 내일 비가 안 왔으면 좋겠어요.How to build it
V+고 싶다
먹다 → 먹고 싶어요 (I want to eat)
- In statements it expresses only the speaker's own wish. For a third person (he, she, my friend), use -고 싶어하다.
- In questions it asks about the listener's wish: 뭐 하고 싶어요?
- It attaches only to verbs, never directly to nouns. Say 커피를 마시고 싶어요, not 커피를 싶어요.
- Tense goes on 싶다, not on the verb: 가고 싶었어요 (wanted to go), not 갔고 싶어요.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 제 친구는 한국에 가고 싶어요.
Right: 제 친구는 한국에 가고 싶어해요.
You cannot directly state another person's inner feelings with -고 싶다; for a third person use -고 싶어하다.
Practise -고 싶다 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -(으)려고Links an intention to the action taken to achieve it: 'in order to, so as to'. Neutral, everyday register.
- -(으)로-(으)로 marks the direction you head toward, the means or tool you use, or what something is made of.
- -(이)나(이)나 links two nouns as alternatives ("A or B"), and after a number it shows an approximate amount in questions or a surprisingly large amount in statements.
- -(으)ㄹ 거예요Use -(으)ㄹ 거예요 to say what you plan to do in the future, or to make a guess about something you are not sure of.
- -(으)시--(으)시- goes inside a verb or adjective to show respect to the person doing the action (the subject).
- -(으)세요-(으)세요 is the polite honorific ending: it shows respect to the subject in statements and questions (선생님은 책을 읽으세요), and with action verbs it politely tells or asks the listener to do something (앉으세요).
- -(으)ㅂ시다-(으)ㅂ시다 suggests doing something together: 'let's …' in a formal, polite style.
- -(으)ㄹ까요?Use -(으)ㄹ까요? to suggest something ("Shall we…?"), offer help ("Shall I…?"), or ask someone's guess ("Do you think…?").
- -도-도 attaches to a noun to say that this thing is 'also' included, adding it to something already mentioned.
