TOPIK II · LEVEL 4
-(으)ㄴ/는 양
Describes someone acting or looking as if something were true when it really isn't: 'as if / pretending that'.
인용·전달Quoting & reportingHan: 양 is a noun modified by a clause, so a noun before it needs the modifier form 인 (사장인 양), just like 사장인 사람.
Examples
그 사람은 자기가 사장인 양 직원들에게 명령한다.He orders the staff around as if he were the boss.
그는 그 일에 대해 다 아는 양 이야기했다.He talked about it as if he knew everything.
민수는 아무 일도 없었던 양 웃으며 인사했다.Minsu smiled and said hello as if nothing had happened.
엄마가 들어오자 동생은 공부하는 양 책을 펼쳤다.When Mom came in, my younger brother opened his book as if he were studying.
Don’t mix up
-(으)ㄴ/는 양vs-(으)ㄴ/는 척하다Same idea of pretending, but 척하다 is the everyday spoken choice, while 양 sounds written: 모르는 척했어요 (speech) vs 모르는 양 고개를 저었다 (writing).-(으)ㄴ/는 양vs-(으)ㄴ/는 듯이듯이 is a neutral 'as if' that may be true; 양 suggests it is not true: 피곤한 듯이 눈을 감았다 (maybe really tired) vs 피곤한 양 눈을 감았다 (only pretending).How to build it
V+는 양 (present)
V+(으)ㄴ 양, V+았/었던 양 (past)
A+(으)ㄴ 양
N+인 양 (often followed by 하다, 굴다, 행동하다, 말하다)
알다 → 아는 양, 없다 → 없었던 양, 바쁘다 → 바쁜 양, 사장 → 사장인 양
- It usually describes a false appearance or pretense, often with a critical tone; for a sincere guess about reality use -(으)ㄴ/는 것 같다 instead.
- It is mainly written or literary; in everyday conversation Koreans usually say -(으)ㄴ/는 척하다 or -(으)ㄴ/는 것처럼.
- Nouns need 인 (사장인 양); for a past situation use V-(으)ㄴ or -았/었던 (아무 일도 없었던 양).
- Do not mix it up with -(으)ㄹ 양으로, which means 'with the intention of', not 'as if'.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 그 사람은 자기가 사장 양 직원들에게 명령한다.
Right: 그 사람은 자기가 사장인 양 직원들에게 명령한다.
양 is a noun modified by a clause, so a noun before it needs the modifier form 인 (사장인 양), just like 사장인 사람.
Practise -(으)ㄴ/는 양 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -(느)ㄴ다니 (전달 의문)A casual plain-style question asking what a third person said: short for -다고 하니?, as in 언제 온다니? 'When does he say he's coming?'
- -(느)ㄴ다는 것이Use it when you meant to do one thing but by mistake ended up doing something else.
- -노라고-노라고 (usually followed by 했는데 or 했지만) means "I really did try to do it," often said modestly when the result was not as good as hoped.
- -답시고-답시고 sarcastically repeats someone's claimed reason or purpose ("supposedly to…"), hinting that the action was pointless, clumsy or made things worse.
- -(느)ㄴ다는 + N-(느)ㄴ다는 + N gives the content of news, rumours, ideas or claims: 'the news that …'.
- -(으)나-(으)나 is a formal written 'but / however', linking two contrasting clauses.
- -(으)되-(으)되 states or allows a first action and then adds a condition or limit to it, in a formal or written style.
- -(이)면 (조사)Attaches to a noun to mean 'if it is N / whenever it is N'; repeated as N(이)면 N, it means 'in every field, whatever you name'.
- -(으)ㄹ 게 아니라Use it to say that doing X is not the right move, so you should do Y instead: "rather than doing X, do Y."
