TOPIK I · LEVEL 2
-에게서/한테서
-에게서/한테서 marks the person something comes from: 'from (someone)'.
조사ParticlesHan: A company is a place/organization, not a person, so use 에서.
Examples
이 이야기는 할머니한테서 들었어요.I heard this story from my grandmother.
친구한테서 생일 선물을 받았어요.I got a birthday present from a friend.
동생에게서 문자가 왔어요.A text message came from my younger sibling.
Don’t mix up
-에게서/한테서vs-에게/한테에게/한테 = 'to' someone; 에게서/한테서 = 'from' someone: 친구한테 줬어요 vs 친구한테서 받았어요.How to build it
N(person/animal)+에게서 / 한테서
친구 → 친구에게서, 친구한테서
- Only for people or animals; for places use 에서: 학교에서 왔어요.
- 한테서 is spoken, 에게서 more written; 서 is often dropped: 친구한테 받았어요.
- For a respected person use 께: 선생님께 배웠어요.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 회사한테서 연락이 왔어요.
Right: 회사에서 연락이 왔어요.
A company is a place/organization, not a person, so use 에서.
Practise -에게서/한테서 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -께-께 is the honorific form of 에게/한테: 'to' a person you respect.
- -씩-씩 after an amount means 'each' or 'at a time': the same amount for every person or every unit.
- -쯤-쯤 after a time, amount or place means 'about / around'.
- -께서-께서 is the honorific subject particle: it replaces 이/가 when the subject is someone you respect.
- -마다Attached to a noun, 마다 means "every" or "each": the same thing happens with every one of those times, people, or places.
- -밖에-밖에 means 'only / nothing but' and is always followed by a negative verb.
- -보다보다 attaches to the thing you measure against, like English "than": X is more (or less) than the noun with 보다.
- -처럼/같이Attached to a noun, 처럼/같이 mean 'like N': something looks, acts or is done the same way as N.
- -에게로Marks a person or animal as the direction or destination of a movement: 'toward, to (someone)'. Mostly written or narrative; in speech 한테로.