TOPIK I · LEVEL 2
-마다
Attached to a noun, 마다 means "every" or "each": the same thing happens with every one of those times, people, or places.
조사ParticlesHan: 매 and 마다 both mean "every", so 매일마다 repeats the same idea; you may hear it in casual speech, but in standard Korean and on TOPIK use either 매일 or 날마다.
Examples
저는 주말마다 친구와 테니스를 쳐요.I play tennis with a friend every weekend.
사람마다 좋아하는 음식이 달라요.Everyone likes different food.
일요일마다 부모님께 전화를 드려요.I call my parents every Sunday.
이 버스는 10분마다 와요.This bus comes every 10 minutes.
Don’t mix up
-마다vs매 + NSame meaning, but 매 is a prefix before the noun and 마다 comes after it; use one, not both: 매년 여행을 가요 = 해마다 여행을 가요.
-마다vsV/A + -(으)ㄹ 때마다Use -(으)ㄹ 때마다 when "every time" refers to an action or state, not a noun: 이 노래를 들을 때마다 고향 생각이 나요.
-마다vs모든 + N모든 N treats the group as a whole ("all"), while N마다 looks at each member separately, often with 다르다: 모든 학생이 왔어요 vs 학생마다 생각이 달라요.
How to build it
N+마다
주말 → 주말마다 (every weekend), 사람 → 사람마다 (each person)
- 마다 attaches only to nouns. With verbs or adjectives use -(으)ㄹ 때마다 (갈 때마다), not 가마다.
- Do not put 에 before 마다: say 주말마다, not 주말에마다. The particles 이/가 and 을/를 are usually dropped too.
- 매 (매일, 매주, 매년) already means "every", so in standard Korean do not add 마다 to it; choose one form: 매일 or 날마다 (일마다 is not used).
- After a number + unit, 마다 shows an interval: 10분마다 = every 10 minutes, 3일마다 = once every three days.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 저는 매일마다 커피를 마셔요.
Right: 저는 매일 커피를 마셔요.
매 and 마다 both mean "every", so 매일마다 repeats the same idea; you may hear it in casual speech, but in standard Korean and on TOPIK use either 매일 or 날마다.
Practise -마다 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -께-께 is the honorific form of 에게/한테: 'to' a person you respect.
- -씩-씩 after an amount means 'each' or 'at a time': the same amount for every person or every unit.
- -쯤-쯤 after a time, amount or place means 'about / around'.
- -께서-께서 is the honorific subject particle: it replaces 이/가 when the subject is someone you respect.
- -밖에-밖에 means 'only / nothing but' and is always followed by a negative verb.
- -보다보다 attaches to the thing you measure against, like English "than": X is more (or less) than the noun with 보다.
- -처럼/같이Attached to a noun, 처럼/같이 mean 'like N': something looks, acts or is done the same way as N.
- -에게로Marks a person or animal as the direction or destination of a movement: 'toward, to (someone)'. Mostly written or narrative; in speech 한테로.
- -에게서/한테서-에게서/한테서 marks the person something comes from: 'from (someone)'.
