TOPIK II · LEVEL 3
-거든
-거든 means 'if / when (that happens), then …', and the second clause is usually a request, suggestion or intention.
조건·가정Conditions & what-ifsHan: A general fact in the second clause needs -(으)면, not -거든.
Examples
집에 도착하거든 전화하세요.Call me when you get home.
모르는 게 있거든 언제든지 물어보세요.If there's anything you don't know, ask any time.
시간이 있거든 같이 저녁 먹읍시다.If you have time, let's have dinner together.
Don’t mix up
-거든vs-(으)면-(으)면 works for any condition, including facts (봄이 오면 꽃이 펴요); -거든 is limited to requests, suggestions and intentions.How to build it
V/A+거든
도착하다 → 도착하거든, 시간이 있다 → 시간이 있거든
- The second clause should be a command, suggestion or 'I will' — not a plain statement of fact.
- Sentence-final -거든요 is different: it gives a reason ('you see, …').
Classic mistake
Wrong: 봄이 오거든 꽃이 펴요.
Right: 봄이 오면 꽃이 펴요.
A general fact in the second clause needs -(으)면, not -거든.
Practise -거든 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -(느)ㄴ다면-(느)ㄴ다면 means 'if (hypothetically)': a condition that is unlikely or imagined.
- -다 보면-다 보면 means 'if you keep doing A (for a while), B will happen'.
- -아/어야-아/어야 means 'only if / you have to A for B to happen': A is a necessary condition.
- -아/어야지 (필수 조건)An emphatic, conversational form of -아/어야: 'only if A (can B)'. It insists that A is required, often with an obvious or rhetorical second clause: 먹어 봐야지 알지.
- -기만 하면-기만 하면 means 'whenever / every time A happens, B (always) follows' or 'as long as you just do A'.
- N만 아니면'If it weren't for N / if only N weren't the case': names the one obstacle that stops something from happening, often with regret.
- -(으)ㅁ-(으)ㅁ turns a verb or adjective into a noun; it is used in notes, notices, memos and written records.
- -(으)며-(으)며 is a formal, written 'and' (listing) or 'while' (two actions at once).
- -(이)야-(이)야 emphasizes a topic as obvious or as the only one meant: 'as for N, of course …'.
