TOPIK II · LEVEL 3
-만큼
Attached to a noun, it marks the standard of comparison: 'as … as N, to the same degree as N'. 만치 is an older, less common variant.
정도·비교Degree & comparisonHan: 만큼 means 'as … as' (equal degree) and cannot be used with 더; 'more than' needs 보다.
Examples
이 도시는 서울만큼 복잡하지 않아요.This city isn't as hectic as Seoul.
저도 언니만큼 요리를 잘하고 싶어요.I want to cook as well as my older sister.
부모님의 사랑은 하늘만큼 크고 넓다.Parents' love is as great and wide as the sky.
Don’t mix up
-만큼vs-보다보다 shows that one is more or less than the other; 만큼 shows equality: 형보다 키가 커요 'taller than my brother' vs 형만큼 키가 커요 'as tall as my brother'.-만큼vs-처럼/같이처럼 compares manner or likeness; 만큼 compares degree: 가수처럼 노래해요 'sings like a singer' vs 가수만큼 노래를 잘해요 'sings as well as a singer'.-만큼vs-(으)ㄴ/는 만큼After a verb or adjective, 만큼 is a dependent noun meaning 'as much as' or 'since': 노력한 만큼 결과가 나와요.How to build it
N+만큼 (variant: 만치)
형 → 형만큼; 나 → 나만큼; 하늘 → 하늘만큼; 이/그/저 → 이만큼, 그만큼, 저만큼
- After a noun it is a particle written without a space (나만큼); after a verb or adjective modifier it is a separate noun (먹은 만큼), a different pattern.
- Very common in negatives: N만큼 -지 않다/못하다 'not as … as N': 서울만큼 크지 않아요.
- It shows equal degree, so it does not combine with 더 'more'; for 'more than' use 보다.
- It can take other particles: 너만큼은, 그만큼도; 이만큼/그만큼 mean 'this much / that much'.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 이 가방은 그 가방만큼 더 비싸요.
Right: 이 가방은 그 가방보다 더 비싸요.
만큼 means 'as … as' (equal degree) and cannot be used with 더; 'more than' needs 보다.
Practise -만큼 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -(으)ㄹ 뻔하다-(으)ㄹ 뻔했다 means something almost happened, usually something bad, but in the end it did not.
- -(으)ㄹ 정도로-(으)ㄹ 정도로 shows how strong or intense something is by naming a result or situation it reaches: "so much that…".
- -(으)ㄴ/는 셈이다Use -(으)ㄴ/는 셈이다 to say that, when you add up the facts, something is practically true even if it is not literally exact.
- -(으)ㄹ수록-(으)ㄹ수록 means 'the more A happens or the stronger A is, the more B changes along with it.'
- -(으)ㅁ-(으)ㅁ turns a verb or adjective into a noun; it is used in notes, notices, memos and written records.
- -(으)며-(으)며 is a formal, written 'and' (listing) or 'while' (two actions at once).
- -(이)야-(이)야 emphasizes a topic as obvious or as the only one meant: 'as for N, of course …'.
- -(으)ㄹ 겸-(으)ㄹ 겸 gives one of two or more purposes for a single action: 'partly to …, and also to …'.
- -(으)ㄹ 걸 그랬다-(으)ㄹ 걸 그랬다 expresses regret: 'I should have done …' (but didn't).
