TOPIK II · LEVEL 3
-(으)ㄴ/는 대로
Shows that an action is done exactly the way something was said, done, seen or planned.
시간·순서Time & sequenceHan: The learning happened before the homework, so the completed form (으)ㄴ 대로 is needed, not 는 대로.
Examples
제가 하는 대로 천천히 따라 해 보세요.Try following along slowly, the way I do it.
예상한 대로 이번 시험은 좀 어려웠어요.As I expected, this exam was a bit difficult.
다행히 일이 계획대로 잘 진행되고 있어요.Luckily, the work is going well, according to plan.
선생님이 말씀하신 대로 매일 단어를 복습했어요.I reviewed vocabulary every day, just as the teacher told us.
Don’t mix up
-(으)ㄴ/는 대로vs-(으)ㄴ/는 것처럼대로 means following the same way or content; 것처럼 compares similarity and can mean 'as if' something were true: 다 아는 것처럼 말해요 (talks as if he knows everything) — 대로 cannot be used here.
-(으)ㄴ/는 대로vs-자마자In the 'as soon as' sense, -는 대로 is used for future plans or requests, while -자마자 also works for past events: 집에 오자마자 잠들었어요, but 집에 도착하는 대로 전화할게요.-(으)ㄴ/는 대로vsN에 따라N대로 and N에 따라 both mean 'according to' (규칙대로 / 규칙에 따라 하세요), but only 에 따라 means 'depending on': 날씨에 따라 달라요.
How to build it
V+(으)ㄴ 대로 (completed model)
V+는 대로 (current or usual model)
N+대로
배우다 → 배운 대로, 하다 → 하는 대로, 계획 → 계획대로
- Use V + (으)ㄴ 대로 when the model action happened before (배운 대로, 들은 대로); use V + 는 대로 when it is happening now or is usual (제가 하는 대로).
- After a verb, write 대로 with a space (말한 대로); after a noun, attach it directly with no space (약속대로, 계획대로).
- V + 는 대로 can also mean 'as soon as' (도착하는 대로 연락할게요); in that sense the main clause is usually a future plan or request, not a past event.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 어제 배우는 대로 숙제를 했어요.
Right: 어제 배운 대로 숙제를 했어요.
The learning happened before the homework, so the completed form (으)ㄴ 대로 is needed, not 는 대로.
Practise -(으)ㄴ/는 대로 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -(으)며-(으)며 is a formal, written 'and' (listing) or 'while' (two actions at once).
- -(으)ㄴ 채(로)-(으)ㄴ 채(로) means doing something while a previous state is still kept: 'with … still on / still …ing'.
- -(으)ㄴ 다음에'After doing A, B': the second event follows the first. It means the same as -(으)ㄴ 후에 / -(으)ㄴ 뒤에 but sounds more conversational.
- -(으)ㄴ/는 김에Use it when you take the chance of doing one thing to also do another thing: 'while I'm at it, I'll also…'.
- -고 나다Marks that an action has been fully completed before what follows; used in -고 나면 'once A is done', -고 나니(까) 'after A, (I found)…' and -고 난 후/뒤/다음에.
- -고 나서-고 나서 means "after (fully) finishing A, then B" and stresses that the first action is completed before the next begins.
- -는 길에-는 길에 means 'on the way to / while going somewhere': doing B along the way.
- -는 동안-는 동안 marks the whole stretch of time an action lasts, during which something else happens or continues.
- -는 사이에-는 사이에 means 'while (A is going on), B happened' — often B happens without the subject noticing.
