TOPIK II · LEVEL 5
-(으)ㄹ 길이 없다
It says there is simply no way or means to do something, so it cannot be done even if you want to.
능력·허락·의무Can, may & mustHan: To deny that something could possibly be true, use 리가 없다; 길이 없다 means there is no means to do something and does not attach to 이다.
Examples
그 친구가 번호를 바꾸고 이사까지 가 버려서 이제는 연락할 길이 없어요.That friend changed his number and even moved away, so now there is no way to contact him.
기록이 모두 사라져서 그때 무슨 일이 있었는지 확인할 길이 없었다.All the records were gone, so there was no way to check what had happened back then.
사고의 정확한 원인은 지금으로서는 알 길이 없습니다.For now, there is no way to know the exact cause of the accident.
도와주신 분들께 감사한 마음을 다 표현할 길이 없습니다.I have no way to fully express my gratitude to those who helped me.
Don’t mix up
-(으)ㄹ 길이 없다vs-(으)ㄹ 수 없다-(으)ㄹ 수 없다 covers any impossibility (time, ability, permission); 길이 없다 is chosen only when no means exists: 바빠서 만날 수 없어요 vs 연락처를 몰라서 만날 길이 없어요.
-(으)ㄹ 길이 없다vs-(으)ㄹ 리가 없다리가 없다 denies that something could be true (speaker's conviction); 길이 없다 says there is no way to do it: 그가 거짓말을 할 리가 없다 vs 진실을 알 길이 없다.-(으)ㄹ 길이 없다vs-(으)ㄹ 방법이 없다Almost the same meaning, but 방법이 없다 is neutral and conversational, while 길이 없다 sounds more literary: 고칠 방법이 없어요 vs 그 마음을 알 길이 없었다.
How to build it
V+(으)ㄹ 길이 없다
알다 → 알 길이 없다, 연락하다 → 연락할 길이 없다
- It attaches to verbs, most often 알다, 연락하다, 확인하다, 찾다, 표현하다, 갚다; it is not used with adjectives or 이다.
- Tense goes on 없다 only: 알 길이 없었다, not 알았을 길이 없다.
- It means the method or channel is missing; if the reason is being busy, unwilling or unable, use -(으)ㄹ 수 없다 instead.
- It sounds formal or written; in casual talk 방법이 없다 or -(으)ㄹ 수가 없다 is more common, and 길조차/길도 없다 adds emphasis.
Classic mistake
Wrong: 그 사람은 정말 착해요. 범인일 길이 없어요.
Right: 그 사람은 정말 착해요. 범인일 리가 없어요.
To deny that something could possibly be true, use 리가 없다; 길이 없다 means there is no means to do something and does not attach to 이다.
Practise -(으)ㄹ 길이 없다 on real TOPIK questions
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All TOPIK grammar- -(으)ㄹ 만도 하다Use -(으)ㄹ 만도 하다 to say that, given the circumstances, a reaction or result is understandable and not surprising.
- -(으)ㄹ 겨를이 없다You are so busy or rushed that there is not even a spare moment to do something.
- -(으)ㄹ 것까지는 없다Says an action would be going too far, because the situation doesn't call for something that extreme.
- -는 수밖에 없다Says that every other option is gone, so the only thing left to do is this action.
- -(이)란N(이)란 picks out a concept that you are about to define or explain the essence of: "N is (by its nature)…", "what we call N is…".
- -(으)ㄹ 게 뻔하다Use -(으)ㄹ 게 뻔하다 when the situation makes it plain to you that something, usually something bad, will happen or has happened.
- -(으)ㄴ 끝에Shows that a result was finally reached after a long or difficult process of doing something.
- -(으)ㄹ 망정-(으)ㄹ망정 means 'even if I have to accept this bad situation, I still won't give up something more important,' or 'although X is true, Y still holds.'
- -(으)ㄹ 즈음-(으)ㄹ 즈음 means "around the time when something happens": it marks an approximate time, not an exact moment.
