-(으)려니와

-(으)려니와 grants one fact and then adds another of the same kind on top of it: 'not only A, but also B' in a formal, literary tone.

나열·첨가Listing & adding

Han: 춥다 is ㅂ-irregular: before an ending starting with 으, ㅂ changes to 우, so it becomes 추우려니와.

Examples

그 일은 과정도 복잡하려니와 비용도 만만치 않다.That job is not only complicated in its process, but the cost is considerable as well.

이 식당은 음식도 맛있으려니와 서비스도 훌륭하다.Not only is the food at this restaurant delicious, the service is excellent too.

그는 실력도 뛰어나려니와 성품도 겸손해서 모두에게 존경을 받는다.He is not only highly skilled but also modest in character, so everyone respects him.

요즘은 물가도 높으려니와 집값도 비싸서 서민들의 생활이 어렵다.These days prices are high and, on top of that, housing is expensive, so ordinary people are struggling.

-(으)려니와vs-는/(으)ㄴ 데다가Also adds one fact to another, but it is conversational and stresses piling up; -(으)려니와 is formal. 비가 오는 데다가 바람도 불어요.

A/V+(으)려니와 (vowel or ㄹ stem: -려니와; consonant stem: -으려니와)

N+이려니와

맛있다 → 맛있으려니와, 비싸다 → 비싸려니와, 춥다 → 추우려니와

It is literary and formal: used mainly in essays, news commentary and speeches. In everyday conversation Koreans usually say -(으)ㄹ 뿐만 아니라, -는 데다가 or simply -고.
In the additive meaning it usually appears as 'A도 -(으)려니와 B도 …', and both clauses describe the same topic in the same direction (both good points or both bad points).
Watch irregular stems: ㅂ-irregular 춥다 → 추우려니와, 어렵다 → 어려우려니와; ㄹ stems take -려니와 without 으 (멀다 → 멀려니와).
It is usually attached to the plain stem; tense and sentence ending (statement, question) are shown in the final clause rather than before -(으)려니와.

Wrong: ~~날씨도 춥려니와 바람도 세게 분다.~~

Right: 날씨도 추우려니와 바람도 세게 분다.

춥다 is ㅂ-irregular: before an ending starting with 으, ㅂ changes to 우, so it becomes 추우려니와.

Hannim plans each day up to your exam date: questions on this pattern, reviews, full mock papers and graded writing. 7 days free, no card.